摘要：16～18世纪英国的经济史不仅是其作为后发国家赶超先进、求富求强以及争夺世界霸权的历史,本质上也是其通过积极开展商贸活动以开启本国工业化与现代化的历史前奏。重商主义经济学的产生与发展取决于、服务于该时期英国资本主义商业化与工业化发展的现实需要,并呈现出一定的阶段性特征:重商主义体系先后经历了从“货币主义”到“重商主义”再到“重工主义”的历史演进以及从主张国家干预和贸易垄断到倡导逐步放松管制与渴望自由从事贸易这一“贸易科学”的发展转型;但对外贸易语境中的竞争心态与保护倾向却是一以贯之的。作为在资本原始积累时期占主导地位的经济思潮与政策原则,重商主义经济学对英国率先开展工业革命并推进工业化起到了重要的孵化与培育作用。对英国崛起之际重商主义经济学发展阶段性的探讨不仅有助于我们正确认识重商主义在经济科学发展史中的历史地位,也为继续推进走和平发展道路的中国式现代化提供了一定的历史镜鉴。

关键词：现实演变;重商主义经济学;阶段性发展

Title：The Evolution of Reality and Phased Development of Mercantilist Economics

Abstract：The economic history of Britain from the 16th to the 18th century is not only the history of Britain as a late - comer catching up with the advanced countries, seeking wealth and power, and competing for world hegemony, but also the prelude to the industrialization and modernization of the country through the active conduct of trade and commerce. The emergence and development of mercantilist economics depended on and served the real needs of the development of commercialization and industrialization of British capitalism. The evolution of British mercantilism in this period had the following stage characteristics: British mercantilism have experienced the historical evolution from "bullionism" to "mercantilism" to "industrialism", and underwent a developmental transition from advocating state intervention and trade monopolies to the "science of trade" of progressive deregulation and the desire to engage in trade freely; but the competitive mentality and protection tendency in the context of foreign trade is consistent.As the dominant economic ideology and policy principle during the period of primitive accumulation of capital, mercantilist economics played an important role in incubating and cultivating the industrial revolution and promoting industrialization in Britain. The discussion of the stages of the development of mercantilist economics at the time of Britain's rise to power may be able to provide a certain historical mirror for our country to deal with the accusation of "mercantilism" from other countries and to better realize China's modernization on the path of peaceful development.

Key Words：Evolution of Reality; Mercantilist Economics; Phased Development

摘要：政府科斯定理是在科斯定理的基础上提出的。政府科斯定理不同于科斯定理之处在于,产权的调整不是基于产权双方当事人的意愿,而是由政府运用行政决定做出的。政府科斯定理是指,如果政府改变产权格局的行政决定没有成本,那么产值最大化是不受初始产权状况影响的。从理论和实践两个方面都证明,在一定的条件下,政府采用政府科斯定理能够促进经济增长。但是,如果政府长期依赖政府科斯定理谋求经济增长,那么就有可能引起“政府科斯定理依赖效应”,陷入经济增长的困境。政府科斯定理依赖效应是指,政府如果严重依赖政府科斯定理促进经济增长,可能会导致政府不注重科技创新和制度改革等其他方法促进经济增长,当政府科斯定理带来的经济增长逐渐呈现边际递减态势时,经济增长就难以为继,而且还会带来政治和社会问题的现象。运用政府科斯定理及其依赖效应两个概念可以较好地解释现有理论难以解释的部分经济增长现象。

关键词：政府科斯定理;依赖效应;科斯定理;经济增长

Title：Government Coase Theorem and Its Dependence Effect—An Explanation of Some Economic Growth Phenomena

Abstract：The Coase theorem of government is based on the Coase theorem. The government Coase theorem differs from the Coase Theorem in that the adjustment of property rights is not based on the will of the parties to the property rights, but is made by the government using administrative decisions. The Coase theorem of government states that if the government's administrative decision to change the pattern of property rights has no cost, then the maximization of output value is not affected by the initial property rights situation. It is proved from both theory and practice that under certain conditions, the government can effectively promote economic growth by adopting government Coase theorem. However, if the government relies on Coase theorem to seek economic growth for a long time, it may cause "Coase theorem dependence effect" and fall into the dilemma of economic growth. Coase Theorem dependence effect refers to the phenomenon that if the government relies heavily on the Coase theorem to promote economic growth, the government may not pay attention to other methods such as scientific and technological innovation and institutional reform to promote economic growth. When the economic growth rate brought by the Coase theorem is lower and lower, the economic growth will be difficult to sustain and political and social problems will be brought about. The Coase theorem of government and its dependence effect can be used to explain some economic growth phenomena which are difficult to explain by existing theories.

Key Words：Government Coase Theorem; Dependence Effect; Coase's Theorem; Economic Growth

摘要：人类社会制度的起源,是一个历久弥新的话题,吸引着一代又一代各学科的学者进行研究。本文从动物行为和动物社会中所存在的规则或制度出发,认为既然人类源于动物,是从动物演变而来的,那么人类社会最初的制度也应该来自动物社会的规则。动物社会的规则并非无意识形成的,而是动物在长期的演化中,为适应环境,更好地生存和繁育后代而有意识发展出来的。动物社会的规则虽然相对于人类社会的制度简单得多、少得多,但是构成了人类社会最初的制度来源。当然,由于人类和动物相比,具有大得多的脑容量,特别是具有强大得多的语言能力,人类社会逐渐发展出来了比最初制度复杂得多的制度。探寻动物社会的规则,可以作为研究人类社会制度的起源或来源的一个视角。

关键词： 地方政府信息公开;企业创新;融资环境

Title：The “Institutional” Behavior of Animals and the Institutional Origin of Human Society

Abstract：The origin of human social institutions is a perennial topic, attracting generations of scholars of various disciplines to study. Starting from the rules or institutions existing in animal behavior and animal society, this article holds that since human beings originated from animals and evolved from animals, the initial institutions of human society should also come from the rules of animal society. The rules of animal society are not formed unconsciously, but are consciously developed by animals during long-term evolution in order to adapt to the environment, better survive and breed offspring. Although the rules of animal society are much simpler and less than the institutions of human society, they constitute the initial institutional source of human society. Of course, because humans have a much larger brain capacity than animals, and especially a much stronger capacity for language, human society has gradually developed institutions that are much more complex than the initial ones. Exploring the rules of animal society can be used as a perspective to study the origin or source of human social institutions.

Key Words：Institutional Origin; Animal Sociology; Animal Rule

摘要：双轨制是改革过程中常出现的一种组织安排。本文基于改革的视角,建立了双轨制的理论分析框架,以此揭示了人事双轨制的组织机理。所建立的双轨制理论分析框架为:首先,依次给出双轨制的数理经济学定义和组织经济学性质以及依性质组合而划分的双轨制类型;其次,在给出双轨制均衡的定义和类型的基础上分别求解各类双轨制的所有均衡并判断其性质;最后,在对双轨制的均衡进行分析的基础上得出双轨制组织机理的若干命题。所揭示的双轨制组织机理主要为:(1)双轨制存在稳定可行均衡,稳定可行均衡的类型依轨道之内的性质组合而定。具体而言,双轨均衡是因为新老轨道皆是自兴旺型轨道,新轨单轨均衡是因为新轨道是自兴旺型轨道而老轨道是自衰退型轨道,老轨单轨均衡是因为新轨道是自衰退型轨道而老轨道是自兴旺型轨道,零轨均衡是因为新老轨道皆是自衰退型轨道。(2)对于新老轨道都是自兴旺型轨道的双轨制,其稳定可行均衡与理想状态之间的差异由轨道之间的性质组合而定。具体而言,新老轨道的稳定均衡人数皆低于改革者当初预设的理想人数是因为新轨道对老轨道起抑制作用的同时老轨道对新轨道也起抑制作用,新老轨道的稳定均衡人数皆高于改革者当初预设的理想人数是因为新轨道对老轨道起促进作用的同时老轨道对新轨道也起促进作用,新轨道的稳定均衡人数低于理想人数而老轨道的稳定均衡人数高于理想人数是因为新轨道对老轨道起促进作用的同时老轨道对新轨道却起抑制作用,新轨道的稳定均衡人数高于理想人数而老轨道的稳定均衡人数低于理想人数是因为新轨道对老轨道起抑制作用的同时老轨道对新轨道却起促进作用。在该理论分析框架下,对中国的双轨制实践展开理论解释,发现:对于渐进式转轨,设计相应类型的双轨制可使系统从一个完全的“旧世界”逐步过渡为一个完全的“新世界”;对于渐进式发展,设计对应类型的双轨制可使系统从一个积贫积弱的“小世界”逐步发展为一个繁荣富强的“大世界”;对于渐进式统筹,设计相应类型的双轨制可使系统从一花独放的“单世界”逐步融合为百花齐放的“多世界”。本文对双轨制的理论研究有助于组织经济学的发展,有助于中国经济学的建设。

关键词：双轨制;改革论;组织机理;组织经济学;中国经济学

Title： Organizational Mechanism of Two-track System: Reform of the Personnel System

Abstract： The two-track system is a kind of organization arrangement that often appears in the reform process. Based on the perspective of reform, this paper establishes a theoretical analytical framework of the two-track system, which reveals the organizational mechanism of the two-track system. The theoretical analysis framework of the two-track system is as follows: Firstly, the mathematical economic definition and organizational economic properties of dual-track systems and the types of dual-track systems classified according to the combination of properties are given in turn; then, all the equilibria of various types of two-track systems are solved and their properties are judged on the basis of the definition and types of equilibria of two-track systems are given; and finally, a number of propositions of the organizational mechanism of two-track systems are derived and verified on the basis of the analysis of equilibria of two-track systems. The main organizational mechanisms of the two-track system revealed are: (1) Stable and feasible equilibria exist for each type of two-track system, and the type of stable and feasible equilibrium depends on the combination of properties within the tracks. Specifically, the two-track equilibrium is due to the fact that both the old and new tracks are self-expanding, the new single-track equilibrium is due to the fact that the new track is self-expanding and the old track is self-recessing, the old single-track equilibrium is due to the fact that the new track is self-recessing and the old track is self-expanding, and the zero-track equilibrium is due to the fact that both the old and new tracks are self-recessing. (2) For a two-track system in which both the old and new tracks are self-expanding tracks, the difference between the stable feasible equilibrium and the ideal state is determined by the combination of properties between the tracks. Specifically, the stable equilibrium in both the old and new tracks is lower than the ideal number of people that the reformers had set because the new track inhibits the old track while the old track inhibits the new track; the stable equilibrium of both the old and new tracks is higher than the ideal number of people that the reformers had set because the new track promotes the old track while the old track promotes the new track; the stable equilibrium of the new track is lower than the ideal number of people while the stable equilibrium of the old track is higher than the ideal number of people because the new track promotes the old track while the old track inhibits the new track; the stable equilibrium of the new track is lower than ideal while the stable equilibrium of the old track is higher than ideal because the new track promotes the old track while the old track inhibits the new track; and the stable equilibrium of the new track is higher than ideal while the stable equilibrium of the old track is lower than ideal because the new track inhibits the old track while the old track promotes the new track. Under this analytical framework, the theory explains China's two-track system practice and finds that: For gradual transition, the design of the corresponding type of two-track system can enable the system to gradually progress from a completely “old world” to a completely “new world”; for gradual development, the design of the corresponding type of two-track system can enable the system to gradually progress from a “small world” characterized by poverty and weakness to a “big world” characterized by prosperity and strength; for gradual integration, the design of the corresponding type of two - track system can enable the system to gradually integrate from a “single world”, as in the case of one flower blooms alone, to a “many worlds”, as in the case of a hundred flowers bloom. The theoretical study of the two-track system in this paper contributes to the development of organizational economics and the construction of Chinese economics.

Key Words：Two-Track System; The Theory of Reform; Organizational Mechanisms; Organizational Economics; Chinese Economics

摘要：新型农村社会养老保险(简称“新农保”)是共同富裕的重要制度保障,经济获得感是共同富裕最客观实在的体现,但现有文献并未重视“新农保”影响农村中老年人经济获得感的内在机制。基于CSS 2019数据,可以探究“新农保”与农村中老年人经济获得感的关系,并从消费效应与公平效应就“新农保”对农村中老年人经济获得感的作用机制进行理论解释和实证分析。研究结果显示:参与“新农保”有助于提升农村中老年人的相对经济获得感与总体经济获得感。机制检验表明:医疗保健消费在“新农保”影响农村中老年人经济获得感的过程中起遮掩效应;社会公平感知在其过程中起促进效应。异质性分析结果显示:参与“新农保”对不同收入的农村中老年人经济获得感的影响存在异质性,“新农保”对高收入群体相对经济获得感有显著影响,对低收入群体总体经济获得感的影响显著。因此,通过丰富制度福利内容、增强制度保障功能以及营造公平制度环境来强化“新农保”的政策效果,有益于提升农村中老年人的经济获得感,全面推进共同富裕。

关键词： “新农保”;农村中老年人;相对经济获得感;总体经济获得感;共同富裕

Title：Impact of China’s New Rural Pension Program on the Sense of Economic Gain of Rural Middle - aged and Elderly: Theoretical Hypothesis and Empirical Research

Abstract：The new rural social pension insurance (referred to as “new rural insurance”) is an important institutional guarantee for common prosperity. The sense of economic gain is the most objective and tangible manifestation of common prosperity, and the new rural insurance has a promoting effect on the improvement of economic gain, undoubtedly promoting the realization of common prosperity. However, existing literature does not pay attention to the inherent mechanism of the impact of the new rural social security on the economic sense of achievement of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas. Based on CSS 2019 data, this study explores the relationship between “New Rural Social Security” and the economic sense of achievement of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas, and provides theoretical explanation and empirical analysis of the mechanism of “New Rural Social Security” on the economic sense of achievement of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas from the perspectives of consumption effect and equity effect. The research results show that participating in the “New Rural Insurance” helps to enhance the relative and overall economic sense of achievement of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas. Mechanism testing shows that healthcare consumption plays a masking role in the process of the impact of the new rural social security on the economic sense of achievement of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas; The perception of social fairness plays a promoting role in its process. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that there is heterogeneity in the impact of participating in the “New Agricultural Insurance” on the economic sense of achievement of rural middle-aged and elderly people with different incomes. The “New Agricultural Insurance” has a significant impact on the relative economic sense of achievement of high-income groups and a significant impact on the overall economic sense of achievement of low-income groups. Therefore, by enriching the content of institutional welfare, enhancing the function of institutional protection, and creating a fair institutional environment to strengthen the policy effect of the new rural social security, it is beneficial to enhance the economic sense of achievement of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas, and comprehensively promote common prosperity.

Key Words：The New Rural Pension; Rural Middle-aged and Elderly People; Relative Economic Gain; Overall Sense of Economic Gain; Common Prosperity

摘要：聚焦主责主业作为提升国有企业核心竞争力的重要步骤,在经济社会层面造成了广泛影响。本文以2019～2023年沪深A股国有上市公司为研究样本,考察了聚焦主责主业对企业劳动力雇佣决策的影响。研究发现,国有企业聚焦主责主业会削减雇佣规模、优化雇佣结构,上述效应均在东部地区国企与劳动密集型国企中更为显著,同时,地方国企的规模缩小效应更突出,而央企的结构优化效果更明显。进一步分析表明,随着聚焦主责主业程度提升,国有企业仍具备“稳就业”潜力。本研究揭示了国有企业聚焦主责主业过程中的就业变化情况,为推动国企做强做优做大提供了重要启示。

关键词：国有企业;聚焦主责主业;雇佣决策

Title：Research on the Impact of State - owned Enterprises’ Focusing on Main Responsibilities and Business on Labor Employment Decisions

Abstract：Focusing on the main responsibilities and core business as an important step to enhance the core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises has had a wide impact on the economic and social aspects. This paper takes the state-owned listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares market from 2019 to 2023 as the research sample to examine the impact of focusing on the main responsibilities and core business on corporate labor employment decisions. This study finds that state-owned enterprises focusing on their main responsibilities and core business will reduce the scale of employment and optimize the employment structure. The aforementioned effects are more significant in state-owned enterprises in the eastern region and labor-intensive state-owned enterprises. At the same time, the effect of reducing the scale is more prominent in local state-owned enterprises, while the effect of optimizing the structure is more evident in central state-owned enterprises. Further analysis indicates that as the degree of focusing on the main responsibilities and core business increases, state-owned enterprises still have the potential to “stabilize employment”. This study reveals the changes in employment during the process of state-owned enterprises focusing on their main responsibilities and core business, providing important insights for promoting state-owned enterprises to become stronger, better, and bigger.

Key Words： State-Owned Enterprises； Focusing on Main Responsibilities and Business； Employment Decisions

摘要：面对经济违规屡禁不止的严峻现实,本文从非正式制度的视角探究文化对经济违规的影响,基于2007～2020年我国30个省份的政府审计数据,以儒家文化作为发挥根本性作用的文化,使用GLOBE文化研究框架构建结构方程模型(SEM)分析儒家文化影响经济违规的机制路径。研究结果表明,儒家文化能够显著抑制经济违规。GLOBE区域文化中未来导向、绩效导向和恃强性三个维度在儒家文化与经济违规之间起部分中介作用,具体来说:儒家文化能够通过提升未来导向和降低恃强性抑制经济违规,而通过提高绩效导向促使经济违规增加。对外开放调节了未来导向和恃强性在儒家文化与经济违规关系中的中介作用。在对外开放程度高的地区,儒家文化对未来导向的促进作用进一步增强,而对恃强性的抑制作用有所削弱。研究结果为探索出一套与传统文化相承继,与当下现实相融合的经济违规治理模式提供了思路与方向。

关键词：儒家文化;区域文化;经济违规;结构方程模型;政府审计

Title：Confucianism, Regional Culture and Economic Violations—A Path Analysis Based on Structural Equation Modeling

Abstract：Faced with the severe reality of persistent economic violations, this paper explores the influence of Confucian culture on economic violations from the perspective of informal institutions. Based on government audit data from 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2020, using Confucian culture as the culture that plays a fundamental role, structural equation modeling (SEM) was constructed using the GLOBE cultural research framework to analyze the mechanism path of Confucian culture influencing economic violations. The research results show that Confucian culture can significantly inhibit economic violations. Future orientation, performance orientation and assertiveness play a partial mediating role between Confucian culture and economic violations. Specifically, Confucian culture can suppress economic violations by enhancing future orientation and reducing assertiveness, while increasing performance orientation leads to an increase in economic violations. Openness to the outside world moderates the mediating role of future orientation and assertiveness in the relationship between Confucian culture and economic violations. In regions with high levels of openness, Confucian culture further enhances the promotion of future orientation and weakens the inhibiting effect on assertiveness. The research results provide ideas and directions for exploring a governance model for economic violations that is inherited from traditional culture and integrated with current realities.

Key Words： Confucian Culture; Regional Culture; Economic Violations; Structural Equation Modeling; Government Audit

摘要：在改进的核心一边缘模型基础上,构建渐进式改革条件下区域经济发展模型,揭示制度环境通过影响要素流动,进而促进区域经济协调发展的内在机制。在对区域经济协调发展水平测算的基础上,运用空间杜宾模型和空间面板分位数模型,检验制度环境对区域经济协调发展产生的影响及其动态演化趋势。研究发现,制度环境通过推动劳动力、资本流动,对区域经济协调发展产生显著正向促进作用。同时,随着区域经济协调发展水平提升,制度环境推动劳动力、资本的流动,对区域经济协调发展的影响分别呈现先降后升和直线上升的动态演化过程。在渐进式改革过程中,制度环境与劳动力流动的交互作用对南方地区经济协调发展的影响更为明显,制度环境与资本流动的共同作用在北方地区更为突出,并且这些作用均保持直线上升趋势。该结论为进一步提升我国区域经济协调发展政策的精准性和有效性,具有一定的参考意义。

关键词：制度环境;交易成本;要素流动;区域经济协调

Title：Institutional Environment, Factor Mobility and Coordinated Regional Economic Development

Abstract：On the basis of the improved core-edge model, this paper constructs a model of regional economic development under the condition of gradual reform, and reveals the internal mechanism of the institutional environment to promote the coordinated development of regional economy through the flow of influencing factors. On the basis of the estimation of the level of coordinated development of regional economy, the spatial Durbin model and the spatial panel quantile model are used to test the impact of institutional environment on the coordinated development of regional economy and its dynamic evolution trend. The study finds that the institutional environment has a significant positive effect on the coordinated development of regional economy by promoting the flow of labor and capital. At the same time, with the improvement of the level of coordinated development of regional economy, the institutional environment promotes the flow of labor and capital, and the impact on the coordinated development of regional economy shows a dynamic evolution process of first declining, then rising and rising in a straight line. In the process of gradual reform, the interaction between institutional environment and labor flow has a more obvious impact on the coordinated economic development of the southern region, and the joint effect of institutional environment and capital flow is more prominent in the northern region, and these effects maintain a straight upward trend. This conclusion has certain reference significance for further improving the accuracy and effectiveness of China's regional economic coordinated development policy.

Key Words：Institutional Environment; Transaction Costs; Factor Flow; Regional Economic Coordination

摘要：提升资本劳动比是促进企业转型升级和经济高质量发展的关键。本文基于“陆港通”交易制度这一准自然实验,利用沪深A股上市公司数据,考察了资本市场制度型开放对企业资本劳动比的影响及作用机制。研究发现,“陆港通”显著提高了企业资本劳动比,并进一步提升了企业固定资产投资规模和劳动生产率。引入平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验、PSM-DID估计、分别考虑“沪港通”与“深港通”的影响等一系列稳健性检验后,研究结论依然成立。机制分析表明,“陆港通”通过缓解企业融资约束、优化企业雇佣结构等渠道提升了企业资本劳动比。进一步地,“陆港通”对低市场化地区企业、低技术行业企业以及劳动密集型企业资本劳动比的提升作用更为强烈。本文拓展了资本市场制度型开放的微观经济效应研究,也为扩大金融高水平开放以助力企业转型升级提供了重要政策参考。

关键词：资本市场制度型开放;资本劳动比;多期双重差分模型;企业转型升级

Title：Opening up Promotes Upgrading: Research on the Impact of Institutional Opening of Capital Market on the Capital - labor Ratio of Enterprises—A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on “Mainland - Hong Kong Stock Connect”

Abstract：Enhancing the capital-labor ratio is the key to promoting the transformation and upgrading of enterprises and the high-quality development of the economy. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of “Mainland-Hong Kong Stock Connect” trading system, this paper examines the impact and mechanism of capital market system opening on the capital-labor ratio of enterprises by using the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen. It is found that the “Mainland-Hong Kong Stock Connect” significantly increases the capital-labor ratio of enterprises, and further enhances the scale of investment in fixed assets and labor productivity of enterprises. After introducing a series of robustness tests such as parallel trend test, placebo test, PSM-DID estimation, and considering the effects of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect separately, the findings are still valid. The mechanism analysis shows that the “Land-Hong Kong Stock Connect” enhances the capital-labor ratio of firms by alleviating the financing constraints of firms, optimizing the hiring structure of firms. Further, the effect of the “Mainland-Hong Kong Stock Connect” on the capital-to-labor ratio of firms in low-marketization regions, labor-intensive firms, and firms in low-skill industries is even stronger. This paper extends the research on the microeconomic effects of capital market institutional liberalization, and also provides an important policy reference for expanding the high level of financial liberalization to help enterprises’ transformation and upgrading.

Key Words：Institutional Opening of the Capital Market; Capital Labor Ratio; Multi-period Difference in Difference Model; Enterprise Transformation and Upgrading

摘要：家庭语言规划是语言政策和规划研究中的一个重要议题,是了解社会语言态度与变化的一个微观视角。语言的代际传递是最自然的语言习得,但是国内的实证经验不多。利用2012～2016年中国家庭追踪调查数据,对普通话能力的代际传递效应进行了估计。研究发现,在控制了人口学指标和家庭、学校、社会环境等因素的影响之后,父代的普通话能力与子代的普通话能力之间仍然具有显著的正相关关系。进一步研究发现,子代普通话能力的形成和发展与家庭语言规划、父母教育方式以及父母对子代的人力资本投入密切相关,普通话能力高的父母对孩子采取更多的互动式教育,在家庭语言实践中更加偏好于使用普通话,同时也对子女进行了更多的人力资本投入,从而促进子女语言能力的发展。实证结果为家庭语言规划与儿童语言能力发展之间的关系提供了经验证据,对语言政策和规划研究具有学理和现实意义。

关键词：语言资本;代际传递;家庭语言规划;儿童语言能力发展

Title：Language Capital, Intergenerational Transmission, and Family Language Planning

Abstract：Family language planning is an important topic in language policy and planning research, and children's language skills are critical to their growth and development. This article examines a particular kind of language acquisition—the intergenerational transmission of Mandarin proficiency in the private sphere of the family. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2012, 2014, and 2016, we examine the intergenerational transmission effect of Mandarin proficiency. The study finds a significant correlation between parents' Mandarin proficiency and their children's Mandarin proficiency and that parents with higher language proficiency increased the chances of passing on their language capital to the next generation. The formation and development of children's Mandarin proficiency are related to parental education methods, family language planning, children's human capital investment, and cognitive ability. Parents with high Mandarin proficiency have more interactive education methods with their children and will prefer to use Mandarin in family language planning. At the same time, they also invest more human capital in their children's education and promote the development of their children's cognitive abilities. The results of this study explain why there are long-term differences in the acquisition of Mandarin in the eastern, central, and western parts of China, which is of great significance for understanding the intergenerational transmission phenomenon in Chinese language acquisition, as well as for the formulation and implementation of family language planning.

Key Words：Language Capital; Intergenerational Transmission; Family Language Planning;  Children's Language Development

摘要： 数据是数字经济时代的新质生产要素。自然语言处理凸显了语言数据的重要作用,让语言数据成为最重要的数据。立足数字经济的时代背景和数据成为生产要素的政策背景,应该从生产要素的角度去研究语言数据。经济活动的各个环节都离不开生产要素的参与。流通环节解决的是商品的流通交易问题。本文聚焦流通环节,结合实例,把语言数据参与经济活动的方式归纳为:信息性参与、展示性参与、技术性参与和体验性参与。四种参与方式的底层逻辑是流程环节,分别对应商品出厂、上架、检索、试用。

关键词： 语言数据;生产要素;流通环节;参与方式

Title：On the Functions of Language Data in Circulation Links

Abstract：Data is the new quality production factor in digital economy. The language data is underlined in Natural Language Processing, and becomes the most important data type. Based on the era background of digital economy and the policy background of data becoming a production factor, we should study language data from the perspective of production factor, which contributes to all links of economic activities. The circulation links targets the flow of goods. Focusing on the circulation links and combining with examples, this paper categorizes the ways in which language data participates in economic activities as informative, demonstrative, technical and experiential ways. The underlying logic of these forms of participation lies in the circulation links, corresponding respectively to the ex-factory, shelving, retrieval and try-out of goods.

Key Words：Language Data; Production Factor; Circulation Links; Participation Way